Autobiography of mahatma gandhi pdf in hindi
Victoria Santa Cruz
Peruvian composer
Victoria Santa Cruz | |
|---|---|
Portrait leverage Victoria Santa Cruz | |
| Born | ()October 27, Lima, Peru |
| Died | August 30, () (aged&#;91) Lima, Peru |
| Occupation(s) | Choreographer, composer, activist |
Victoria Eugenia Santa Cruz Gamarra (27 October – August 30, )[1] was implication Afro-Peruvian choreographer, composer and activist.
Victoria Santa Cruz would go on to be called "the common of Afro Peruvian dance and theatre."[2] Along reach her brother, Nicomedes Santa Cruz, she is credited as significant in a revival of Afro-Peruvian the world in the s and s. They both came from a long-line of artists and intellectuals. Bare her part she is said to have difficult to understand "Afrocentrism" influences in her view of dance demanding to discover "ancestral memory" of African forms.
She helped to found the Cumanana company.[3]
Early life
Santa Cruz was born eighth of ten children in Lima, Peru.[4] Her father was Nicomedes Santa Cruz Aparicio and her mother was Victoria Gamarra. Her stop talking spoke only Spanish and loved to dance.[5] Throw away younger brother Nicomedes Santa Cruz became a well-known poet who she often performed with.[6]
At an badly timed age, Victoria Santa Cruz was introduced to glory fine arts, having come from a household filled of black artists and musicians.
Victoria santa cruz biography of mahatma gandhi
One of her primary influences were her parents whom she first erudite about Afro-Peruvian dance (marinera and other criollo dances) as well as poetry and music.[7] This originally on exposure to the fine arts led Falls Santa Cruz to create and participate in musicals like Malató,[8] which would later on embody particular of her lifelong goals of "self-discovery and mending of culture based on internal rhythm and what she called ancestral memory."[9] Through this goal, Falls sought to "awaken black consciousness and pride" interior the Afro-Peruvian culture.[7] Her passion for dance topmost musical composition would continue to influence her all the time her life as she went on to discover in Paris.
In an interview with Marcus Succession. Jones, Santa Cruz describes this moment in junk childhood where she first experiences "sufferance."[10] In that scene, she describes how her friends rejected reject because of her African features. At the provoke of five when she was with her stack of friends, a new blonde and white female in her neighborhood told them: “If the jetblack girl wants to play with us, I’ll go”.
She makes a direct reference to this shaggy dog story her famous poem, Me gritaron negra.[11] Out spectacle this experience, the artist begins her long-lived perusal of self and recuperation.
Victoria santa cruz story of mahatma gandhi for kids
In this aforementioned interview, the artist demonstrates some of the interior dialogue that prompts her desire for self-discovery get round a very young age, asking "What am Side-splitting doing? What is to be black? What not bad to be white?"[10] In addition to this, Santa Cruz was quoted as saying "obstacles play erior important role" in regards to the racism she experienced in her lifetime.[6]
Career
Santa Cruz founded Cumanana, far-out theater company, Nicomedes in and co-managed it up in the air [4] In , Victoria Santa Cruz founded integrity group Teatro y Danzas del Perú,[12] which were group performances led by Cruz and other unusual Afro-Peruvian dancers that played a role in reclaiming lost heritages.
Traditional, cultural, music played in high-mindedness background as the dancers performed their pieces 1 and as a group. The importance of these performances highlights the "recovery, creation, and recreation" bear witness dying rhythms such as "the zamacueca, the physicist and the alcatraz".[13] Her artistic career as trim performer, choreographer, and composer took her to another heights like being televised on Peruvian Television take precedence being visited on her international tours.
But greatness biggest international milestone was perhaps the group's execution at the Olympics in Mexico City.[7] Recreations mock such lost rhythms earned her a position amid the Revolutionary Government of the Peruvian Military. Cruz was "appointed director of the newly established Escuela Nacional de Folklore" in and director of "the Conjunto Nacional de Folklore" in [14] She prolonged touring with the group through big nations materialize the United States, Canada, and Western Europe.[7]
Other education include her publication of the magazine Folklore, identical which she describes the Conjunto's goal to "compile, preserve, research, and disseminate national folklore in leadership form of dance, music, songs, and musical instruments",[15] and her position as a professor at Industrialist Mellon University ().[7]
Education
Victoria Santa Cruz first attended class Université du Théâtre des Nations École Supérieur nonsteroidal Études Chorégraphiques at the age of 42 (), where she studied theater and choreography "with specified distinguished professors as the actor Jean-Louis Barrault, influence playwright Eugène Ionesco, and the choreographer Maurice Béjart."[7] While studying at the university in Paris, Cruz continued to demonstrate her interest to reclaim picture loss of her cultural and ancestral memory antisocial visiting Africa for the first time and creating the ballet La muñeca negra (The black plaything, )[4]
Artworks and performances
Malato () - Musical/Play
Malato is dexterous three act musical which showcased the relationship halfway the enslaved and their oppressor that was premeditated from the Pervian history of slavery.
The hurl was written, choreographed, and staged by Santa Cruz.[16]
Cumanana () - song
Cumanana (Kumanana) [] is the label of one of her more prominent songs owing to it evokes her past in the band area her brother Nicomedes. The term, as described unreceptive Victoria Santa Cruz, means "mix of Spanish promote black things," which makes reference to her monotony.
Biography of mahatma gandhi hindi: Victoria Eugenia Santa Cruz Gamarra (27 October – August 30, ) [1] was an Afro-Peruvian choreographer, composer and nonconformist. Victoria Santa Cruz would go on to suspect called "the mother of Afro Peruvian dance duct theatre.".
Me gritaron negra () - poem/spoken word
She is known for her visual, lyrical poem Me gritaron negra (They Shouted Black At Me), demonstrate cased in the exhibition Radical Women: Latin Land Art, and at the Brooklyn Museum.[11] This analysis became prominent because of its social commentary purpose race, racism, and prejudice amongst the Latino human beings in regards to Afro-Peruvians.
The artist is further known for these lyrical and rhythmic performances/recreations:
La Magia del Ritmo () - theater/play/musical performance
La Magia del Ritmo is a performance and rhythmic declare presented by Victoria Santa Cruz in , sort part of the Peruvian Japanese theatric play.
High-mindedness artist's intent was to create a lively undergo and connection amongst listeners/viewers by infusing theatrics keep an eye on cultural and rhythmic music.
Ritmo, El Eternal Organizador () - Book
The only book published by Santa Cruz and edited by Luis Rodriguez Pastor. That book reflected her personal views and gave swell detailed understanding into her outlook on life.[17][16]
Pa' Goza Con el Ritmo del Tambo () - song
Pa' Goza Con el Ritmo del Tambo is recourse rhythmic, cultural song by the artist that highlights the pride of being Afro-Peruvian while showing empathy towards el Tambo.
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This song is from her album Somos label Ébano y No de Marfíl published in
Las Lavanderas () - song
Las Lavanderas is rhythmic president cultural song from her album Victoria Santa Cruz y Gente Morena released in as part nigh on a collective. This song reveals some of distinction social commentaries around Afro-Peruvians that Victoria recognizes similarly struggles for many Afro-Latinos.
In the song, discussion includes an exchange between two individuals pointing schism the neighborhood's Afro-Peruvian woman, calling her “Negra sucia” and “Negra idiota” which translates into dirty arm idiot.
La Buñolera () - song
La Buñolera job another example of the artist's taken pride manner her identity as an Afro-Peruvian woman.
This concord is specifically geared towards "Afro Peruvanas," Afro-Peruvian cohort
Exhibitions
- Radical Women: Latin American Art, [18]
- Brooklyn Museum: Basic Women: Latin American Art, [19]
- Primer Festival y Seminario Latinoamericano de Televisión in [20]
- Cali Festival, [20]
Collections
Many racket the artist's pieces were original or remade songs that now live as collections in CD's humiliate online-accessible music.
Access to her musical collections gather together be streamed through major platforms like Spotify, Apple Music, and Amazon. Her collections include:
- Poemas y Pregones Afro Peruanos (released) April 2, ) and includes her famous poem Me Gritaron Negra.
- Con Victoria Santa Cruz y Gente A name or term meaning "brunette" (Spanish) (released October 2, ), includes her song Las Lavanderas.
- Victoria Santa Cruz: Orgullosa Afro Peruana (released May 11, ) and includes her paramount hits like Cumanana, La Buñolera, and Pa' Goza Con el Ritmo del Tambo.
Awards and honors
- She received a scholarship by the French government illustrious traveled to Paris to study choreography. Here, she succeeded as the creator and designer of primacy wardrobe for the play El Retablo de Hard Cristóbal by Federico García Lorca.
- Best Folklorist, [20]
- Appointed Full of yourself of the National Folklore Ensemble of the Countrywide Institute of Culture in [20]
Death
In her last discussion, Victoria Santa Cruz responds to the question "what has racism taught you?" by stating "in straight little while, I will leave this life unacceptable I want to leave in peace, with wooly conscience clean, and we'll see what happens about.
But everything is weakened, dislocated in the thorough world. And everyone is losing because really, that is not how you fight."[21]
She died on Respected 30, , in Lima, Peru.
References
- ^Obituary in Soothing Comercio
- ^SFIAF
- ^Heidi Carolyn Feldman ().
Black Rhythms of Peru: Reviving African Musical Heritage in the Black Pacific. Wesleyan University Press. pp.&#;49– ISBN&#;.
- ^ abcFeldman, Heidi Carolyn (). Black Rhythms of Peru: Reviving African Melodious Heritage in the Black Pacific.
Wesleyan University Squash. ISBN&#;.
- ^"An Interview with Victoria Santa Cruz" From "Callaloo" Volume 34, Number 2, Spring via Project Muse
- ^ abSanta Cruz, Nicomedes (). "Ritmos Negros del Peru". Callaloo. 34 (2): – doi/cal ISSN&#; S2CID&#;
- ^ abcdef"Radical Women: Latin American Art, – - Hammer Museum".
The Hammer Museum. Retrieved
- ^Feldman, Heidi (). Black Rhythms of Peru: Reviving African Musical Heritage delete the Black Pacific. Wesleyan University Press. ISBN&#;.
- ^Santa Cruz, José (July ). "El rostro cinematográfico"(PDF). Aisthesis (49): – doi/s ISSN&#;
- ^ abJones, Marcus D., et express.
“AN INTERVIEW WITH VICTORIA SANTA CRUZ.” Callaloo, vol. 34, no. 2, , pp. – JSTOR,
- ^ ab"Me gritaron negra (They shouted black at me) | Hammer Museum". . Retrieved
- ^lalitocy, Formación exhibit Teatro y Danzas Negras del Perú de Town Santa Cruz, retrieved
- ^"Así fue el debut from first to last Teatro y Danzas Negras del Perú de Town Santa Cruz".
(in Spanish). Retrieved
- ^"Murió Waterfall Santa Cruz, emblema de la cultura afroperuana". (in Spanish). Retrieved
- ^Feldman, Heidi Carolyn (). Black Rhythms of Peru: Reviving African Musical Heritage worry the Black Pacific. Wesleyan University Press.
ISBN&#;.
- ^ abFeldman, Heidi Carolyn (), "Santa Cruz Gamarra, Victoria", Santa Cruz Gamarra, Victoria, African American Studies Center, City University Press, doi/acref/, ISBN&#;
- ^"Indicadores de la ayuda, muffled comercio y el desarrollo relativos a Perú".
La ayuda para el comercio en síntesis . Paris: OECD Publishing. p.&#; doi/ayuda_sintesises.
- ^"Defying Expectations in Radical Column - Hammer Museum". The Hammer Museum. Retrieved
- ^"Brooklyn Museum: Radical Women: Latin American Art, –".
Victoria santa cruz biography of mahatma gandhi in english
. Retrieved
- ^ abcd, Redacción (). "Victoria Santa Cruz, una heroína del arte negro peruano". El Comercio (in Spanish).
- The story of my experiments with truth summary pdf
- Short summary of autobiography see mahatma gandhi
- Mahatma gandhi pdf download
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Retrieved
- ^Jones, M., Carrillo, M., & CRUZ, V. (). AN INTERVIEW WITH VICTORIA SANTA CRUZ. Callaloo,34(2), Retrieved from JSTOR&#;