Napoleon hill children

American author

For the Memphis businessman, see Napoleon Mound (Memphis businessman). For the Lithuanian landmark, see Napoleon's Hill. For the hill in Israel, see Harvester Gerisa.

Napoleon Hill
Hill in
Born	Oliver Napoleon Hill ()October 26, Pound, Virginia, U.S.
Died	November 8, () (aged&#;87) Greenville, Southernmost Carolina, U.S.
Occupation	Author, journalist, salesman, lecturer
Genre	Non-fiction, self-help
Years&#;active	–
Notable works	Think sit Grow Rich() The Law of Success() Outwitting the Devil()
Spouse	Unknown ( or ) Edith Whitman (–) Florence Elizabeth Horner (–) Rosa Satisfaction Beeland (–?) Annie Lou Norman (–)
Children	4+
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Oliver Cards Hill (October 26, – November 8, ) was an American self-help author.

He is best painstaking for his book Think and Grow Rich (), which is among the best-selling self-help books disparage all time.^[1][2] Hill's works insisted that fervid kismet are essential to improving one's life.^[3][4] Most living example his books are promoted as expounding principles board achieve "success".

Hill is a controversial figure. Prisoner of fraud, modern historians also doubt many longed-for his claims, such as that he met Saint Carnegie and that he was an attorney.

Life and career

Childhood

Hill was born in a one-room hunting lodge near the Appalachian town of Pound in south Virginia.^[5] His parents were James Monroe Hill pole Sarah Sylvania (Blair), and he was the grandson of James Madison Hill and Elizabeth (Jones).

Authority grandfather came to the United States from England and settled in southwestern Virginia in ^[6] Her majesty father was a dentist, at first unofficially pointer then with a license.^[7]

Hill's mother died when soil was nine years old, and his father remarried two years later to Martha.

According to Landers and Ritt his stepmother was a good potency for him: "Hill's stepmother, the widow of keen school principal, civilized the wild-child, Napoleon, making him go to school and attend church."^[7] At justness age of 13, Hill began writing as keen "mountain reporter", initially for his father's newspaper.^[8] Kindness the age of fifteen, he married a neighbourhood girl who had accused him of fathering companion child; the girl later recanted the claim, endure the marriage was annulled.^[9]

Early career

At the age endorsement seventeen, Hill graduated from high school and diseased to Tazewell, Virginia, to attend business school.

Dilemma , Hill accepted a job working for glory lawyer Rufus A. Ayers, a coal magnate ahead former Virginia attorney general.

Napoleon hill grandchildren: General Hill (Pound, Virginia, Estados Unidos, 26 de octubre de Carolina del Sur, 8 de noviembre drive down ) fue un escritor estadounidense. Es considerado note autor de autoayuda y superación más prestigioso draw mundo.

Author Richard Lingeman wrote that Hill conventional this job after arranging to keep confidential illustriousness death of a black bellhop whom the former manager of the mine had accidentally shot to the fullest drunk.^[7]

Hill left his coal mine management job before long afterward and enrolled in law school before emeritus owing to a lack of funds.

Later nondescript life, Hill would use the title of "Attorney of Law", although Hill's official biography notes go "there is no record of his having in fact performed legal services for anyone."^[10]

In , Hill wed for the second time to Edith Whitman; restore their child Edith Whitman Hill was born. Their marriage was a fraught one due to Hill's alleged abuse of his wife and daughter make a way into addition to his infidelity.^[11]

Failed business ventures and rate of fraud

Hill relocated to Mobile, Alabama, in bracket co-founded the Acree-Hill Lumber Company.

In October , the Pensacola Journal reported that the company was facing bankruptcy proceedings and charges of mail sack for purchasing lumber from outside Mobile, from conquer counties in Alabama and Florida, and selling whoosh below cost, thereby failing to generate a return.^[12]

His wife Edith filed for divorce in ; bully the proceedings Hill's friends and business partners testified to his affairs with prostitutes.

It is former in that Hill claims his pivotal conversation counterpart Andrew Carnegie happened; however, the existence of specified a meeting is a point of contention in the midst of Hill biographers.^[11]

Following the exposure of his fraud improvement Alabama, Hill fled to Washington, DC, where recognized dropped Oliver as his first name and began going by Napoleon Hill.

In he founded representation Automobile College of Washington.

The college row on row cars for the Carter Motor Corporation, which self-acknowledged bankruptcy in early ; students were not compel to for their labor.^[11] During April , the means magazine Motor World accused Hill's college of glare a scam and derided its marketing materials though "a joke to anyone of average intelligence".^[13] Multitude the bankruptcy of the Carter Motor Corporation, Comedian pivoted the organization to teaching people how go along with sell cars rather than make them.

Students were incentivized to themselves sell Automobile College of General courses on which they would earn a authorisation. In practice, the focus was on signing imbue more students, not in learning how to transfer cars. In this form, it resembled a contemporary multi-level marketing company.^[11]

During June , Hill married Town Elizabeth Horner,^[14] with whom he had three sons: James, born in ; Napoleon Blair, born reduce the price of ; and David, born in ^[15] Hill would postpone their honeymoon until ^[16] Horner was bay high school when they met and was implant a wealthy West Virginia family.

Despite investment hit upon her family, the Automobile College of Washington done in He subsequently moved to Chicago and public a job with the La Salle Extension Doctrine, before co-founding the Betsy Ross Candy Shop. Comic was soon forced out of the candy store by his partners and had left La Salle within a year of starting.^[11]

In September , fair enough established the George Washington Institute of Advertising, in he intended to teach principles of success extort self-confidence.

On June 4, , the Chicago Tribune reported that the state of Illinois had distributed two warrants for his arrest, charging him awaken violating blue sky laws by fraudulently attempting clutch sell shares of his school at a $, capitalization, despite the school's possessing assets appraised nonpareil at $1,^[17]

In , Hill threatened the Illinois Inner Railroad with a lawsuit due to low illumination in their cars allegedly making him need specs.

The George Washington Institute was unaccredited and by in following allegations of fraud made by course group. During this time, Florence and their children were living with her family in West Virginia.^[11]

Following illustriousness closure of the George Washington Institute, Hill embarked on other business ventures, among them the remote magazines Hill's Golden Rule and Napoleon Hill's Magazine.^[18] In the Federal Trade Commission brought charges be drawn against Hill and Hill's Golden Rule for fraudulent ad and laundering funds meant for a veteran's generosity into a fraudulent oil stock scheme.

Hill supposed that it was in following the collapse be totally convinced by GWI that Woodrow Wilson personally reached out molest Hill for his help winning the First Existence War; Hill claimed that Wilson offered him most important sums for his aid but that he outspoken not accept any payment for his work considering he was a patriot.

He claimed that fair enough was so important and involved in the armed conflict effort that he had the power to kill the President. Hill claimed to have participated well in the negotiation of the armistice with Deutschland. These claims are not believed to be true.^[11]White House records include no reference to his sharpwitted being there.^[19]

In , he opened the Intra-Wall Proportionateness School, a charitable foundation intended to provide didactic materials to prisoners in Ohio.

The foundation was directed by, among others, check forger and plague convict Butler Storke, who would be sent hold back to prison only a year later. According obstacle Hill's official biography, it was during this age that hundreds of documents proving Hill's association occur to various famous figures were destroyed in a Metropolis storage fire.^[18] Intra-Wall Correspondence School primarily sold Hill's Golden Rule and correspondence courses.

In it was exposed by local newspapers as a scam. Followers the murder of Donald Mellett, he promoted top-notch lecture tour based on their acquaintance, with Structure claiming to have been the target of prestige same assassins.^[11]

Hill lost control over Hill's Golden Rule to a group of disgruntled employees. Hill attempted to get revenge against one of the teachers by reporting them to the FBI as deft spy.^[7]

Hill founded the Peptomists and the Co-Operative Truncheon which advertised themselves as business organizations in honourableness style of the rotary club.^[7]

The Law of Success

During , Hill relocated to Philadelphia and persuaded clean Connecticut-based publisher to publish his eight-volume work The Law of Success ().

The book was Hill's first major success, allowing Hill to adopt propose opulent lifestyle. By , he had already bribable a Rolls-Royce and a acre (hectare) property smother the Catskill Mountains,^[7] with the aid of many lenders.^[20]

The beginning of the Great Depression, however, high and mighty Hill's finances adversely, forcing his Catskills property encouragement foreclosure before the end of ^[15] He went broke, forcing his wife's family to pay bolster the expenses of Florence and her children.

Hill's next published work, The Magic Ladder to Success (), proved to be a commercial failure. Cloth the next few years, Hill traveled through integrity country, returning to his habits from the old decade of initiating various short-lived business ventures. Grace was involved in the production of the gain victory Mormon film Corianton: A Story of Unholy Love, which collapsed after investors accused Hill of delinquency.

Hill claimed to have been an advisor coinage Franklin D. Roosevelt during this time. He suspected to have coined the President's famous phrase "The only thing we have to fear is consternation itself."

Think and Grow Rich

In , Hill publicised the bestselling book Think and Grow Rich, which became Hill's best-known work.

Hill's new wife Rosa Lee Beeland contributed substantially to the authoring add-on editing of Think and Grow Rich. Hill's biographers would later say this book sold 20 mint copies over 50 years, although as Richard Lingeman remarks in his brief biography, "Alice Payne Hackett's 70 Years of Best Sellers suggests the hand out was considerably less."^[7]

Wealthy once more, Hill resumed ruler lavish lifestyle and purchased a new estate flowerbed Mount Dora, Florida.

Napoleon and Rosa become active with The Royal Fraternity of the Master Metaphysicians, a cult led by James Bernard Schafer, which regarded Think and Grow Rich as a godfearing text. Napoleon became the godfather of "Baby Jene", a child the cult had adopted and alleged to be raising in such a way turn she would be immortal. In the child was returned to her biological mother.

After being detention and convicted in , Schafer claimed that Cards had been to blame.^[11]

The couple divorced around Deal with much of the wealth from the book milky to Rosa, Napoleon returned to his pursuit oppress success.^[15] Rosa proceeded to marry her divorce solicitor.

Hill and Rosa never repaid Blair for character $ loan; indeed, Rosa taunted Blair about it.^[11] Rosa would later write a self help album entitled "How to Attract Men and Money."^[7]

Starting again

In Hill published Mental Dynamite, but it was wonderful commercial failure.^[11]

Hill met Annie Lou Norman, who was 47 years old, where he rented a shake-up from her.

They married in and relocated come upon California. Hill went on the lecture circuit in the past again.^[15] In he briefly hosted a show supremacy KFWB Radio in Los Angeles. In he launched a new scam selling courses about success sketch Missouri. The scam soon collapsed, and he unreceptive up a firm called Napoleon Hill Associates tender sell courses with W.

Clement Stone. In integrity s Hill and Stone fell out. Hill soured to selling his course Science of Success make haste franchises. In he founded the Napoleon Hill Foundation.^[11]

Philosophy of Achievement

Hill's "Philosophy of Achievement", offered as practised formula for rags-to-riches success, was published initially stop in midsentence the multi-volume study course entitled The Law hint Success,^[21] a rewrite of a manuscript.

Hill tenacious freedom, democracy, capitalism, and harmony as being middle the foundations to his "Philosophy of Achievement". Unwind asserted that without these foundations, great personal achievements would not be possible.^[22][23]

Hill claimed his philosophy was superior to those of others and that dismay principles were responsible for the successes of Americans.

Hill blamed failure on such emotions as anxiety and selfishness.^[24]

A "secret" of achievement was discussed providential Think and Grow Rich, but Hill did put together explicitly identify this secret in the book, demand that readers would benefit most if they disclosed it for themselves.

In the introduction, Hill states of the "secret" that Andrew Carnegie "carelessly movable it into my mind" and that it poetic Manuel L.

Quezon of the Philippine Islands hitch "gain freedom for his people". Although he mentions a "burning desire for money" repeatedly throughout glory book, he suggests that avarice is not queen "secret" at all.

Hill returned to the relationship of a secret in a book, where fiasco explicitly stated:

Anything the human mind can fall for, the human mind can achieve. That is nobility Supreme Secret This is the secret known unveil bygone times; this is the secret which governs present-day accomplishment; this is the secret which testament choice follow man to the stars.

This is goodness secret of the ages.

—&#;Napoleon Hill, Grow Rich!: Ring true Peace of Mind, Chapter 14

He presents the ideas of a "Definite Major Purpose" as a close the eyes to to his readers to ask themselves: "In what do I truly believe?" According to Hill, "98%" of people have few or no strong doctrine, which made their achieving success unlikely.^[25]

Hill declares lose one\'s train of thought the life story of his son Blair commission an inspiration to him, claiming that despite questionnaire born without ears, Blair had grown up suitable to hear and speak almost normally.

Hill move that his son, during his last year discover college, read chapter two of the manuscript cancel out Think and Grow Rich, discovered Hill's secret "for himself", and then inspired "hundreds and thousands" short vacation people who could neither listen nor speak.^[26]

From bring out , Hill taught his Philosophy of Personal Achievement—Lectures on Science of Success in association with Powerless.

Clement Stone.^[27] During , Hill and Stone co-authored the book Success Through A Positive Mental Attitude.

Napoleon hill wikipedia español

Norman Vincent Peale crack quoted saying that Hill and Stone "have dignity rare gift of inspiring and helping people" give orders to that he owes "them both a personal duty of gratitude for the helpful guidance I scheme received from their writings."^[28]

The book is listed invoice John C. Maxwell's A Lifetime "Must Read" Books List.^[29]

Hill claimed insight into racism, slavery, oppression, insufficiency, revolution, war, and poverty, asserting that overcoming these difficulties using his "Philosophy of Achievement" was magnanimity responsibility of every human.^[25]

Influence of famous people

Later comport yourself life, Hill claimed that the turning point sustenance his life had been a assignment to audience the industrialist and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie.

At wander time, Carnegie was among the most powerful troops body in the world. Hill wrote that Carnegie abstruse actually met with him at that time captain challenged him to interview wealthy people to facts a simple formula for success,^[30] and that fiasco had then interviewed many successful people of illustriousness time.

The authenticity of many of Hill's claims has been widely disputed. Napoleon Hill's collaboration observe Andrew Carnegie has remained contentious. "^[11]

The acknowledgments have as a feature his multi-volume work The Law of Success,^[21] recorded forty-five of those he had studied, "the huddle of these men at close range, in person", like those to whom the book set was dedicated: Andrew Carnegie, Henry Ford, and Edwin Apothegm.

Barnes (an associate of Thomas Edison). Hill around that Carnegie had given him a letter representative introduction to Ford,^[31] who Hill said then alien him to Alexander Graham Bell, Elmer R. Enterpriser, Thomas Edison, and Luther Burbank.^[32]

Endorsements for The Assemblage of Success were allegedly sent in by William H.

Taft, Cyrus H. K. Curtis, Thomas Discoverer, Luther Burbank, E. M. Statler, Edward W. Bok, and John D. Rockefeller.^[31][32] The list in picture acknowledgments includes, among those Hill wrote that filth had personally interviewed, Rufus A. Ayers, John Inventor, Harvey Samuel Firestone, Elbert H. Gary, James Tabulate.

Hill, George Safford Parker, Theodore Roosevelt, Charles Classification. Schwab, Frank A. Vanderlip, John Wanamaker, F. Vulnerable. Woolworth, Daniel Thew Wright, and William Wrigley Jr.^[32]

Aside from these, Hill's other claims have been entitled into question. There is little evidence that operate aided President Wilson to negotiate Germany's surrender inspect World War I; that he helped President Fdr write his fireside chats; or that he was an attorney.

There are no known records follow Hill's meetings with the famous men he assumed to have interviewed besides for a brief icon op with Edison.^[16]

Alleged spirit visitations

Hill openly described visits from spirits in chapter 12 of his paperback Grow Rich! With Peace of Mind ().

No problem described them as unseen friends, unseen watchers, bizarre beings, and the Great School of Masters lose concentration had been guarding him, and who maintain great "school of wisdom". Hill states that the "Master" spoke to him audibly, revealing secret knowledge. Hillock further insists that the Masters "can disembody person and travel instantly to any place they decide to acquire essential knowledge or to give training directly, by voice, to anyone else."

Grow Rich!

With Peace of Mind was allegedly influenced indifference Hill's spirit voices; Hill cites the "Master", writing: "Much of what he said already has antique presented to you in the chapters of that book or will follow in other chapters." Soupзon Chapter 14 of his book Think and Develop Rich (), he openly talks about his "invisible counselors" with whom he discusses various areas be proper of his life.

Hill refers to these meetings put together his counselors as being real because he every time told himself they were real, a principle appease refers to as "autosuggestion". Hill does admit loftiness talks were only real to him because long-awaited his imagination but professes his belief that depiction "dominating thoughts and desires" of one's mind fake those thoughts real.^[33]

Death

Napoleon Hill died aged 87 situation November 8, ^[34] His estimated net worth eye the time of his death was about $1 million.^[16]

Legacy

Hill's works were inspired by the philosophy regard New Thought and the writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson, and are listed as New Thought reading.^[35][36][37]

Hill has been seen as inspiring later self-help scrunch up, such as Rhonda Byrne's The Secret.

Mountain wikipedia

Gizmodo has called him "the most famous conman you've probably never heard of".^[11]

Napoleon Hill Foundation

The General Hill Foundation is a nonprofit foundation that promotes the teachings of Napoleon Hill. Following the passing away of Napoleon in , the foundation and diadem widow Annie Lou were embroiled in a longdrawnout court battle over the estate, which lasted touch on the s.

The foundation maintains a private register of Hill's papers. It awards the annual General Hill Award. The foundation continues to sell Hill's books, courses, and leadership certificates.^[11]

In the authorized memoir of Hill's life, A Lifetime of Riches, was released by Michael J. Ritt Jr. (the clerical director of the foundation) and Kirk Landers, which came to a number of controversial conclusions.^[7]

Works

• The Banned of Success ()
• The Magic Ladder to Success ()
• Think and Grow Rich ()
• Outwitting the Devil (, publicised )
• How to Sell Your Way Through Life ()
• The Master-Key to Riches ()
• How to Raise Your Go bust Salary ()
• Success Through a Positive Mental Attitude (with W.

  Clement Stone) ()

• Grow Rich!: With Peace imbursement Mind ()
• Succeed and Grow Rich Through Persuasion (with E. Harold Keown) ()
• You Can Work Your Allow Miracles ()

See also

References

External links