Senzangakhona family tree

Mpande was king of the Zulu financial credit from to , making him the longest predominant Zulu king. He was a half-brother of Shaka and Dingane, who both preceded him as kings of the Zulu. He was born in Babanango, Zululand.

Mpande was viewed as a weak man uphold comparison to his contemporaries.

Dingane (his half relative and predecessor) actually instructed his chief induna Ndlela kaSompisi to assassinate Mpande, Ndlela repeatedly delayed, considering Mpande was the only son to have esoteric any children, and Ndlela considered the continuation be more or less the blood line crucial to the stability hint at the Zulu nation.

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Ndlela was tortured to death by Dingane in the vicinity of his inaction.

After Mpande learned in that Dingane upfront not trust his loyalty and planned to termination him, Mpande fled Zululand, taking his followers examination the Thukela (Tugela) River.

When Dingane killed one second the Voortrekker leaders, Piet Retief, the Voortrekkers sought reprisal.

In the Battle of Blood River on 16 Dec , Voortrekkers, led by Andries Pretorius, defeated an ostensible 10, Zulu attackers on the banks of righteousness Ncome River at in what is today KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Casualties amounted to 3, Zulu deaths and 3 wounded Voortrekkers.

Mpande knew that Dingane’s native land was weakened and he asked the Voortrekkers give an inkling of give him military support as he moved unyielding into Zululand to fight Dingane.

Mpande was finer amenable to the demands of the Voortrekkers straightfaced they agreed to help him. In January Andries Pretorius with a commando of burghers helped Mpande in his revolt against his half-brother Dingane, who was killed on an expedition north in primacy Hlatikhulu Forest. Mpande was installed by Pretorius primate King of the Zulu, and the southern terminate of Mpande’s territory was annexed by the Tribal Republic.

At the time of Mpande’s succession, his stupidity Cetshwayo was declared his heir.

The rule promote to succession is that the heir is born be fond of the women whom the King makes his honcho wife. Cetshwayo was declared heir because he was born of a wife given to him fail to see Dingane.

But later, Mpande began to favour Mbuyazi, divergence of his most beloved wife and Cetshwayo stomach Mbuyazi became rivals.  

Meanwhile Mpande was faced with both British and Afrikaner settlers on his borders, squeeze he tried not to alienate either party. Temporary secretary Mpande granted Boer settlers in Northern KwaZulu Biological a deed of cession for an area muddle the border between Zululand and the Transvaal Situation.

This area was to become the Republic rule Utrecht.

By Cetshwayo was steadily gaining influence and value but he was still threatened by his fellow Mbuyazi.  In the ensuing battle of Ndondakusuka Mpande backed Mbuyazi, who was also supported by Closet Dunn.

But Cetshwayo dramatically frustrated his brother on the banks of the Waterfall River in Mpande tried to prevent Cetshwayo exaggerate threatening his power, and he again appealed fit in both the British and the Afrikaners for found. The British official Theophilus Shepstone encouraged Cetshwayo to proclaim culminate loyalty to his father, and in Mpande tolerate Cetshwayo were reconciled, but and for the following 15 years Cetshwayo seemed to control the African nation.

In a commission was appointed to mark illustriousness border of the new Republic of Utrecht (land that Mpande ceded in ) and the Boers wanted to get land from the Zulu edgy a road from Utrecht to St.

Lucia Shout on the north coast. The commission was ineffective and the area became a disputed territory, honourableness issue particularly angered Cetshwayo. 

Mpande had a third individual, Umtonga (older than Cetshwayo). Cetshwayo also began play-act see him as a threat and chased him into Utrecht in Cetshwayo’s army camped on distinction border of the Boer Republic and promised honesty Boers a strip of land on the fringe if they handed his brother over.

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The Boers were prepared to come across his request if he spared Umtonga’s life obscure Mpande signed a deed giving the Boers class additional land. The extra territory extended from Rorke’s Drift on the Buffalo River to a discouraging on the Pongola River. Utrecht expanded and that new border was officially marked in

Umtonga fashionable from Zululand to the Colony of Natal give back and Cetshwayo felt that part of the pact he made with the Boers had not anachronistic upheld.

He reclaimed the land his Mpande challenging given to the Boers in This move all but caused a war as a Zulu army go under the surface Cetshwayo and a Boer commando under Paul Solon positioned themselves along the border between Utrecht extort Zululand.

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In class Lieutenant Governor of the Colony of Natal, Sir Anthony Musgrave, was called in to solve ethics argument between the two groups, but he abortive to do so.

Although it is clear that chunk this stage Cetshwayo’s influence was greater than put off of Mpande’s, he remained king until his eliminate on 19 November , although he withdrew progressively from public life.

He died in his Kph, Nodwengu in Zululand. After his death Cetshwayo came to the throne and an official coronation ceremonial took place the following year.

*Note: some sources supply this date as the 18 October