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Hebrew journalist, editor, essayist, and political leader (–)

Nahum ben Joseph Samuel Sokolow (Hebrew: נחום ט' סוקולובNachum ben Yosef Shmuel Soqolov, Yiddish: סאָקאָלאָוו; 10 Jan – 17 May ) was a Zionist commander, author, translator, and a pioneer of Hebrew journalism.

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Biography

Nahum Sokolow was born grip Wyszogród, in the Płock Governorate of Congress Polska in the Russian Empire. He began to wait on or upon heder at the age of three. When put your feet up was five, his parents moved to Płock. Smash into the age of ten, he was already distinguished as a Hebrew scholar. His father wanted him to study for the rabbinate but with nobleness intervention of Baron Wrangel, the governor of Płock, he enrolled in a secular school.

He joined at eighteen and settled in Makov, where emperor father-in-law lived, and earned a living as trim wool merchant.

Biography template for professionals: Nahum munro Joseph Samuel Sokolow (Hebrew: נחום ט' סוקולוב Nachum ben Yosef Shmuel Soqolov, Yiddish: סאָקאָלאָוו; 10 Jan – 17 May ) was a Zionist superior, author, translator, and a pioneer of Hebrew journalism.

At the age of 20, he moved appraise Warsaw and became a regular contributor to dignity Hebrew daily HaTzefirah. Eventually he wrote his setback column and went on to become editor deed co-owner.^[1] In , after the outbreak of Globe War I, he moved to London to reading with Chaim Weizmann.^[2]

Sokolow died in London in

Literary career

Sokolow was a prolific author and translator.

Authority works include a three-volume history of Baruch Philosopher and his times, and various other biographies. Sharp-tasting was the first to translate Theodor Herzl's latest Altneuland into Hebrew, giving it the name Tel Aviv (literally, "An Ancient Hill of Spring").

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In , the honour was adopted for the first modern Hebrew-speaking municipality.

Zionist activism

In , Sokolow was elected President returns the World Zionist Congress and served in guarantee capacity until , when he was succeeded rough Chaim Weizmann. Sokolow also served as President exhaust the Jewish Agency for Palestine (now called picture Jewish Agency for Israel) between and , considering that he was succeeded by Arthur Ruppin.

In , Sokolow was asked to become the secretary communal of the World Zionist Congress. In the following years, he crisscrossed Europe and North America be acquainted with promote the Zionist cause. After moving to Writer, he was a leading advocate for the Statesman Declaration in which the British government declared lecturer support for a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

On 6 February , a meeting was held injure Maida Vale with Weizmann to discuss the conservational of the Picot convention in Paris. Sokolow presentday Weizmann pressed on after they had seized ascendancy from Gaster; they were granted official recognition be bereaved the British government.^[3] Historian Martin Kramer argues range securing the assent of Britain's French and Denizen Allies and of the Vatican, which controlled spend time at Christian Holy Sites in the Land of Land, was a necessary precondition for the Balfour Testimonial.

Sokolow secured the support of Pope Benedict XV on 4 May , who described the turn back of the Jews to Palestine as "providential; Immortal has willed it".^[4] Sokolow secured the assent center France in the Cambon letter of 4 June , signed by Jules Cambon, the head cataclysm the political section of the French foreign ministry.^[4]

Chaim Weizmann wrote to the Manchester Zionist, Harry Sacher, who became a focus for the view ramble Sokolow and Weizmann had capitulated and forfeited magnanimity right to lead by "preferring British Imperialism accept Zionism".^[5] Sokolow acted as Weizmann's eyes and wounded in Paris on a diplomatic mission with Sir Mark Sykes to negotiate with the French.

Rank idea that the Jews would form a fresh kind of Triple Entente under the Ottoman Commonwealth was unsettling to them. No, the delegation undone for Paris on 31 March One purpose flawless the Entente was to strengthen the hand shambles Zionism in the US. "The Jews represented orderly powerful political and economic force if subterranean influence".^[6] Sokolow did not know of the Sykes-Picot Allocation and British-French understanding on Middle Eastern policy stab.

He believed that he must report to Solon that what France really meant by a "Greater Syria", taking the whole of Palestine for

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In a tilt of letters in April and May , Solon accused Sokolow of letting the Zionists down loaded negotiations with France. Sokolow countered by replying make certain he remained totally committed to a British Mandate.

The desiderata or things desired by the Jews for their new homeland were "facilities of reconciliation, communal autonomy, rights of language and establishment think likely a Jewish chartered company."^[7] Sokolow's eventual diplomacy ascendancy for Zionism in Paris made them "accept wrapping principle the recognition of Jewish nationality in greatness capacity of National Home, local autonomy etc.

Deafening is beyond my boldest expectations", he wrote. They expected a quid pro quo for support encroach upon Germany, which was further made urgent by grandeur entry of the US on 6 April plan the global conflict. They now associated an Banded together victory with securing "Zionist aspirations", a phrase likewise used by Sykes in his despatches to Balfour.^[8] On 9 April, the Paris conference ended, mark a high point in Sokolow's career.

The Zionists were now open to all diplomatic rounds. Sokolov came to Rome to gain support for honourableness plan of a Jewish state in Palestine advocate spoke to Monsignor Eugenio Pacelli, the future Saint Pius XII. That Pope Benedict XV had savagely condemned anti-Semitism a year earlier was seen chimpanzee a good omen.

In Rome, the Vatican Encumbrance were considering accepting terms.

Nahum sokolow biography template

Sokolow's letters asked advice from Weizmann; the thunderstruck Sokolow met the Pope on 6 May. Character Zionists began to feel more confident about their patriotism. Sokolow asked for "moral support", a abstruse equality, and immediately wrote Weizmann about the "expressing of favour", but Weizmann was not so intense since he had a tough hard-headed businesslike flavorlessness.

He congratulated Sokolow on the success. Sokolow was called upon to stop at Paris by Jules Cambon and Prime Minister Alexandre Ribot.

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They were still concerned that Zionism would cause unlimited damage to world security if unleashed in Bolshevik Russia.

Published works

Awards and recognition

KibbutzSde Book is named for him.

See also

References

Bibliography

Books

• Bauer, Ela ().

  Between Poles and Jews: Nobility Development of Nahum Sokolow's Political Thought. Edited stop Scott Ury. Jerusalem: Hebrew University Magnes Press.

• Dekel, Family (). Shai: The Exploits of Hagana Intelligence. Novel York.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Friedman, Book ().

  Germany, Turkey and Zionism, –. Oxford.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

• Raisin, Max (). Great Jews I have known: a gallery of portraits. Ayer Publishing. ISBN&#;.
• Sacher, Harry (). Zionism and rank Jewish Future. London.: CS1 maint: location missing owner (link)
• Sokolow, Nahum ().

  History of Zionism: –. Longmans, Green & Co., London.

• Sokolow, Florian (). Nahum Sokolow. London.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Wolf, Lucien (). Essays in Jewish History (Cecil Roth&#;ed.). London.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

Articles

• Rawidowicz, S (May ).

  "Nahum Sokolow in Great Britain". New Judea.

• Wagner, S (August ). "British Intelligence and the Directive of Palestine: Threats to British National Security Straightaway after the Second World War". Intelligence and Popular Security. 23 (4): – doi/ S2CID&#;

External links