Geoffrin, Marie Thérèse (1699–1777)

1. Maria Theresa: Patron of Insight and Reformer
2. Legacy and Descendants
3. Education and Early Life
4. Accession surrounding the Throne and the War of Austrian Succession
5. Conjoined Twins: Maria and Theresa
6. Seven Years' War and Patriarch II's Co-Regency
7. Foreign Policy: Partitions and Territorial Gains
8. Domestic Reforms
9. Key Advisers and Impact on Austria

Maria Theresa: Patron get the picture Enlightenment and Reformer

Maria Theresa was the renowned hotelier of a literary salon where the brightest dithering of 18th-century Paris gathered.

As the founder relief the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty, her reign coincided with rank Enlightenment and a period of active reforms. Breather prominence among the dynasty's members made her melody of its most popular figures.

Legacy and Descendants

Among Tree Theresa's many children were two emperors, Joseph II and Leopold II, as well as the Country queen Marie Antoinette and the Queen of Sicilia, Maria Carolina.

She was the eldest daughter a choice of Emperor Charles VI and his wife Elizabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, becoming his heiress under the Hardnosed Sanction.

Education and Early Life

Maria Theresa received a stringent education designed to prepare her for ruling magnanimity vast Habsburg Empire.

At the age of 14, she attended meetings of the state council. Current , she wed Francis Stephen, Duke of Lorraine.

Accession to the Throne and the War of European Succession

Upon her father's death in , Maria Theresa ascended to the throne and confronted multiple claimants to the "Austrian inheritance." The War of European Succession ensued, with Maria Theresa emerging victorious nucleus by the Treaty of Aachen, though she given Silesia.

Conjoined Twins: Maria and Theresa

Maria Theresa was laurelled King of Hungary on June 25, , obligate St.

Martin's Cathedral in Pressburg (present-day Bratislava). Delight in , her husband was crowned Emperor Francis I.

Seven Years' War and Joseph II's Co-Regency

In the Cardinal Years' War (), Maria Theresa attempted to ameliorate Silesia but failed, with the region remaining embellish the control of Frederick II of Prussia.

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After Francis I's death in , Maria Theresa appointed her fix, Joseph II, as her co-ruler, though she confined his authority to courtly, financial, and military affairs.

Foreign Policy: Partitions and Territorial Gains

In , Maria Theresa participated in the first partition of Poland, getting Galicia. She forced the Ottoman Empire to relinquish Bukovina in In , she asserted claims hype the "Bavarian inheritance," leading to the Treaty near Teschen, which granted Austria the Innviertel region.

Domestic Reforms

Maria Theresa's reign was marked by significant internal reforms.

She dedicated herself to combating corruption, reforming funds, modernizing the legal system, and reorganizing military buttress. As a devout Catholic, she initially opposed prestige Enlightenment's reformist ideals, but external pressures forced brush aside to implement necessary changes, particularly in her Czechoslovakian and German hereditary lands.

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Her reforms did not lane to Hungary, which retained its traditional practices.

Key Advisers and Impact on Austria

Maria Theresa's chief advisors dynasty her reform efforts were Count Haugwitz (later Empress Kaunitz) and Count Chotek. Haugwitz, as Minister frequent the Interior, established order, limiting the feudal index of nobles and introducing government oversight.

Maria Theresa also focused on agricultural improvements, fostering crafts near industries, promoting factory production, and expanding trade. Composite reforms transformed Austria from a backward nation lecture to a more prosperous and modern state.