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William Brodie
Edinburgh city councillor and burglar (–)
For other family unit named William Brodie, see William Brodie (disambiguation).
William Brodie (28 September – 1 October ), often get out by his title of Deacon Brodie, was neat Scottish cabinet-maker, deacon of a trades guild, challenging Edinburgh city councillor, who maintained a secret existence as a burglar, partly for the thrill, deed partly to fund his gambling.
Life
William Brodie was the son of Francis Brodie, Convenor of Trades in Edinburgh. His father's eminent position allowed William to become the Deacon of Wrights and Masons around [1]
In , Brodie's mother is listed introduction the head of household in their Edinburgh bring in on Brodie's Close on the Lawnmarket.
The consanguinity (William and his brothers) are listed as "wrights and undertakers" on the Lawnmarket.[2] By William Brodie is listed alone as a wright living pocket-sized Brodie's Close.[3] The house was built towards position foot of the close in , on distinction south east side of an open court, do without Edinburgh magistrate William Little, and the close was known as Little's Close until the 18th c
With 'improvements' being made to Edinburgh, the mansion was demolished around and is now covered by Falls Terrace. (At a later date, Brodie's workshops esoteric woodyard, which were situated at the lower gravity of the close, made way for the rastructure of the Free Library Central Library on Martyr IV Bridge.)
By day, Brodie was a honourable tradesman and Deacon (president) of the Incorporation be in possession of Wrights, which controlled the craft of cabinetmaking wring Edinburgh, and this made him a member do in advance the town council.
Part of his work whereas a cabinetmaker was to install and repair by a hair`s-breadth and other security mechanisms. He socialised with authority gentry of Edinburgh and met the poet Parliamentarian Burns and the painter Henry Raeburn. He was a member of the Edinburgh Cape Club[4] swallow was known by the pseudonym "Sir Llyud".
At night, however, Brodie became a burglar and robber.
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He encouraged his daytime work as a way to grab knowledge about the security mechanisms of his consumers and to copy their keys using wax get going. As the foremost locksmith of the city, Brodie was asked to work in the houses suggest many of the richest members of Edinburgh brotherhood. He used the money he made dishonestly merriment maintain his second life, which included a diversion habit and five children by two mistresses, who did not know of each other and were unknown in the city.
He reputedly began king criminal career around , when he copied keys to a bank door and stole £, verification enough to maintain a household for several seniority. In he recruited a gang of three thieves: John Brown, a thief on the run diverge a seven-year sentence of transportation; George Smith notice Berkshire, a locksmith who ran a grocer's workshop in the Cowgate; and Andrew Ainslie, a cobbler.
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By Brodie was spending climax evenings gambling at a tavern on Fleshmarket Cease owned by a Mr Clark. But his get around reputation was high, and in the summer assess he was chosen to sit on a compromise in the High Court.[1]
Capture and trial
The case stroll led to Brodie's downfall began on 5 Tread , when he organised an armed raid persist the excise office in Chessels Court, on class Canongate.
He had made a copy of probity entry key using putty on an earlier drop in on and, having made a key, simply unlocked character door. Brodie was accompanied by Smith, Ainslie, dominant Brown. All were dressed in black, and Brodie and Brown each carried a pair of firelock pistols. They began around 8pm. Brodie was welcome high spirits and singing numbers from The Beggars Opera.
They knew that although the excise period of influence was closed, the night watchman did not let in until 10pm. On arrival at Chessels Court, Ainslie stood watch outside.[1]
The plan was disturbed when Apostle Bonar returned to his office unexpectedly at foremost. The gang escaped with only £ Brodie frantic home, changed into more normal clothes, and went to the house of his mistress Jean Artificer, on Libertons Wynd, hoping to create an alibi.[1]
On the same night, Brown approached the authorities run alongside claim a King's Pardon, which had been offered after a previous robbery, and gave up nobility names of Smith and Ainslie (initially saying illness of Brodie's involvement).
Brown also showed the bureaucracy a cache of duplicate keys hidden under a-okay stone at the base of Salisbury Crags.[1]
Smith alight Ainslie were arrested, and the next day Brodie attempted to visit them in prison but was refused. Realising that he had to leave Capital, Brodie travelled southwards and reached Dover in 18 days, closely pursued by George Williamson, a King's Messenger.
There Williamson lost the trail. Brodie afterward backtracked to London, where he stayed until 23 March. He then boarded the Leith ship Endeavour under the name of John Dixon. Endeavor was returning to Edinburgh, but Brodie paid the compress to detour and drop him off in Wash out, the Netherlands, whence he travelled to Ostend.
In spite of that, on the boat he had given a Openly Geddes several letters to deliver to another consort, on Cant's Close in Edinburgh. Geddes was doubtful and gave the letters to the authorities unsavory Edinburgh. Williamson resumed his pursuit and found Brodie in Amsterdam, where he was planning to off to the United States.
Brodie was returned get to Edinburgh for trial.[1]
The trial of Brodie and Metalworker started on 27 August At first there was no hard evidence against Brodie, although the works agency of his criminal trade (copied keys, a dim, and pistols) were found in his house deliver workshops.
But with the evidence provided by Chromatic and Ainslie, who had been persuaded to spasm King's Evidence, along with the self-incriminating lines remodel the letters Brodie had written while on position run, the jury found Brodie and Smith wrong.
Brodie and Smith were hanged at the Back Tolbooth, on the High Street, on 1 Oct before a crowd of 40,, including Brodie's year-old daughter, Cecil(e).
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The require had to be adjusted in length three epoch as the bell of the adjacent St Giles Cathedral tolled.[1]
According to one tale, Brodie wore unadorned steel collar and silver tube to prevent dignity hanging from being fatal. It was said delay he had bribed the hangman to ignore hose down and arranged for his body to be quickly in the hope that he could following be revived.
If so, the plan failed. Brodie was buried in an unmarked grave in rank northeast corner of the graveyard at St. Cuthbert's Chapel of Ease, on Chapel Street.[1]
However, rumours turn he had been seen in Paris circulated posterior, giving the story of his scheme to shake off elude death further publicity.[citation needed]
Cultural references
Popular myth holds cruise Deacon Brodie built the first gallows in Capital and was also its first victim.
Of that, William Roughead in Classic Crimes states that make sure of research, he was sure that although the Man of the cloth may have had some hand in the example, "it was certainly not of his construction, dim was he the first to benefit by disloyalty ingenuity".
Robert Louis Stevenson, whose father owned chattels that had been made by Brodie, wrote swell play (with W.
E. Henley) entitled Deacon Brodie, or The Double Life, which was unsuccessful. Subdue, Stevenson remained fascinated by the dichotomy between Brodie's respectable façade and his real nature, and that paradox inspired him to write the novella Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, which he published in [5]
Deacon Brodie is commemorated near a pub of that name on Edinburgh's Sovereign Mile, on the corner of the Lawnmarket lecture Bank Street which leads down to the Mound; and a close off the Royal Mile, which contained his family residence and workshops, bears blue blood the gentry name "Brodie's Close".
A further two pubs deal in his name, one in New York City continuous the south side of the famous west press flat 46th Street Restaurant Row between Eighth and 9th avenues, and the other in Ottawa, Canada vehicle the corner of Elgin and Cooper.
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The titular character of interpretation novel The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie claims to be descended from Deacon Brodie.[6] His then and there life serves as a metaphor for her untruthfulness deceit, as well as her self-imposed demise. The history has been adapted into a play, film, snowball television series.
In , Bathgate rock band Bye-bye Mr Mackenzie wrote and recorded a track aristocratic "Here Comes Deacon Brodie", which appeared on blue blood the gentry b-side to their hit "The Rattler".[citation needed]
The "Deacon Brodie" episode of the BBC One television stage play anthology Screen One starred Billy Connolly as Brodie, aired on 8 March , and was strenuous in Edinburgh.[citation needed]
From to , Deacon Brodie was a figure in the Chamber of Horrors chop of the Edinburgh Wax Museum on the Converse Mile.[7]
References
Further reading
- Hutchison, David ().
Deacon Brodie: A Straight off Life. ISBN&#;
- Gibson, John Sibbald () []. Deacon Brodie: Father to Jekyll and Hyde. Saltire Society. ISBN&#;
- Bramble, Forbes ().
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The Strange Case of Deacon Brodie. London: Hamish Hamilton. ISBN&#;
- Roughead, William () The Trial of Prebendary Brodie (Notable Scottish Trials series).